If you are not familiar dynamic inventory, check out Ansible - Getting Started with Dynamic Inventory.

This assumes you have the advanced_host_list plugin in ansible.cfg enabled, like this.

[inventory]
# enable inventory plugins, default: 'host_list', 'script', 'yaml', 'ini'
enable_plugins = advanced_host_list, yaml, ini

The ansible command with the --list-hosts and -vvv flags can be used to determine if the advanced_host_list plugin is being used.

AVOID TROUBLE

You must include the trailing comma after the managed node hostname

ansible all -i "server[1:10].example.com," --list-hosts -vvv

If you get something like this, this suggests you did not define advanced_host_list in ansible.cfg properly.

Unable to parse address from hostname, leaving unchanged: Detected range in host but was asked to ignore ranges

If the following is returned, the advanced_host_list plugin is being used.

Parsed server[1:10].example.com, inventory source with advanced_host_list plugin

Something like this should be returned.

  hosts (10):
    server1.example.com
    server2.example.com
    server3.example.com
    server4.example.com
    server5.example.com
    server6.example.com
    server7.example.com
    server8.example.com
    server9.example.com
    server10.example.com

Or, the ansible-inventory command with the --list option can be used.

ansible-inventory -i "server[1:10].example.com," --list

Or, the ansible-inventory --list command can be used.

ansible-inventory -i "server[1:10].example.com," --list

Or, the ansible-inventory --graph command can be used.

ansible-inventory -i "server[1:10].example.com," --graph