The rabbitmqctl status command can be used to display the ports RabbitMQ is configured to listen on.

rabbitmqctl status

Something like this should be returned.

{listeners,[{clustering,25672,"::"},{amqp,5672,"::"},{http,15672,"::"}]}

Or like this.

Listeners

Interface: [::], port: 15672, protocol: http, purpose: HTTP API
Interface: [::], port: 15692, protocol: http/prometheus, purpose: Prometheus exporter API over HTTP
Interface: [::], port: 25672, protocol: clustering, purpose: inter-node and CLI tool communication
Interface: [::], port: 5672, protocol: amqp, purpose: AMQP 0-9-1 and AMQP 1.0

Likewise, the rabbitmqctl environment command can be used as well.

~]# rabbitmqctl environment | grep listen
      {inet_dist_listen_max,25672},
      {inet_dist_listen_min,25672}]},
      {ssl_listeners,[]},
      {tcp_listen_options,
      {tcp_listeners,[5672]},
      {listener,[{port,15672}]},

The --formatter json option can be used to return the output in JSON.

rabbitmqctl environment --formatter json