Flask uses the MVC (Model View Controller) Framework. Just to make this as obvious as possible, I like my Flask apps to have the following.

• Model -> models.py
• View -> views.py
• Controller -> __init__.py

Let's say your flask project has the following structure.

├── main.py
├── my-project (directory)
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── views.py
│   ├── templates (directory)
│   │   ├── base.html
│   │   ├── home.html
│   │   ├── test.html

Let's say a request is submitted to the /Test route of your Flask application with the following parameters.

http://www.example.com/Test?foo=Hello&bar=World

request.headers can be used to return full path.

request.args.get can be used to get the values (Hello and World) from the keys (foo and bar). 

In your view (views.py in this example), here is how you could print the values to your terminal console.

#!/usr/bin/python3
from flask import request

@views.route('/Test', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def test():
    print(f"request.full_path = {request.full_path}") # <- /Test?foo=Hello&bar=World
    print(f"foo = {request.args.get('foo')}") # <- Hello
    print(f"bar = {request.args.get('bar')}") # <- World
    return render_template('test.html')

Here is how you can determine if a request.args key exists.

#!/usr/bin/python3
from flask import request

@views.route('/Test', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def test():

    if 'foo' in request.args:
      print(request.args.get('foo'))
      
    if 'bar' in request.args:
      print(request.args.get('bar'))

    return render_template('test.html')

Here is an example with error handling.

#!/usr/bin/python3
from flask import request

@views.route('/Test', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def test():
  try:
    request.full_path
  except KeyError:
    print(f"request.full_path raised KeyError")
    pass

  try:
    request.args.get('foo')
  except KeyError:
    print(f"got KeyError - there is no foo URL parameter")
    pass
  example NameError:
    print(f"got NameError - the foo URL parameter contains no value")
    pass
  else:
    print(f"foo = {request.args.get('foo')}")
    return render_template('test.html')