This assumes you have installed Docker on Linux and Docker is running.

A Docker image contains the code used to create a Docker container, such as creating a Nginx web server, or a mySQL server, or a home grown app, and the list goes on. In this way, an image is like a template used to create a container. An image is kind of like a virtual machine, but much more light weight, using significantly less storage a memory (containers are usually megabytes in size).

The following command can be used to create a RabbitMQ image and container. Let's break down this command.

• The docker run command is used to create the container if it doesn't exist and to start the container. 
• The --detach flag is used to run the container in the background.
• The --name option is used to name the container rabbitmq.
• The --publish 5672:5672 option used to listen on port 5672 for AMQ connections. This is the port an app would use to make a connection to RabbitMQ.
• The --publish 15672:15672 option used to listen on port 15672 for HTTP connections. This is the port that would be used to access the RabbitMQ web browser interface. 
• The --restart unless-stopped option is used so that the container is started if the Docker server is restarted
• The rabbitmq:3.9-management image is used to create the container. 

docker run 
--detach 
--name rabbitmq 
--publish 5672:5672 
--publish 15672:15672
--restart unless-stopped
rabbitmq:management

Or a specific version of RabbitMQ can be used (version 3.9 in this example).

docker run 
--detach 
--name rabbitmq 
--publish 5672:5672 
--publish 15672:15672
--restart unless-stopped
rabbitmq:3.9-management

The docker images command should include the rabbitmq image.

~]# docker images
REPOSITORY  TAG         IMAGE ID      CREATED       SIZE
rabbitmq    management  105b54dc64f1  32 hours ago  253 MB

And the docker container ls command should show the container is up and running.

~]# docker container ls
CONTAINER ID     IMAGE                COMMAND                 CREATED         STATUS     PORTS     NAMES
d937372c09ab9    rabbitmq:management  "/docker-entrypoin..."  6 minutes ago   Created              rabbitmq

And you should be able to access the RabbitMQ management console at http://<hostname or IP address of your Docker server>:15672. The default username and password is guest and guest. You will most likely want to create a new user with the administrator tag, grant the user access to all virtual hosts, and then delete the guest account.